2. The demonstration of the behavioral skill in the modeler.

The outcome of modeling is to use a model to transfer a set of behavioral skills to some other person who does not already have the skill. If a modeler can demonstrate behavior that is equivalent to (or better than) that of the original expert, that is one way to satisfy the criterion that the model works. This criterion of being able to transfer a skill to someone else is essential. However, that person need not be the modeler; it can be anyone else, and the best test of a model is that it can be used to teach a wide range of people.

There are situations in which it is clearly inappropriate for the modeler to acquire the behavior modeled. For instance, if I, at age 70, were to model an expert skier or diver, my arthritic knees would prevent me from duplicating that behavioral skill, even if I had a perfect model of a perfect expert. Those same arthritic knees would probably also prevent me from using unconscious acquisition to develop the model, but would not prevent me from doing some other kind of modeling.

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