5. How can each kind of MO be understood as indicating a specific kind of incongruence?

All the MOs express what might be called a counterfactual state of affairs. They all indicate a situation that does not (at the moment) exist, but that could exist in the future (or can be imagined as happening in the future, even if it is impossible in reality) so this indicates sequential incongruence.

If you have to, it means that you haven't yet. (If you had already done it. you wouldn't have to.) Even in the past tense, “I had to” expresses the situation at the moment of having to, not the subsequent action. In a repetitive action that one has to do, like breathing, what one has to do is to take the next breath, not the previous one.

Likewise if you desire something, you don't have it yet. (If you had it already, you could enjoy it, but not desire it.)

If something is possible, that means that it is potential, but not actual. “I can do it” is quite different from “I have done it.” Of course, having done something is a powerful basis for assuming that I can do it in the future. This is why it can be so useful to install a change in the past, so that it is experienced as having already happened. Some of us used to joke about the “human potential movement,” that it was all potential, and very little movement (and some of it wasn't very human, either!).

At the moment of choosing, the activity that is chosen has not yet happened. (Even choosing between things, rather than activities, implies some kind of activity in relation to them.) In choice there is always an additional incongruity in that we are simultaneously drawn (or pushed) toward two or more alternatives. In choosing one, the one that is not chosen is lost, and whatever needs or desires this alternative would have satisfied have to go unsatisfied, at least temporarily.

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